中华人民共和国宪法英译本(9)
发布时间：2007/11/2 浏览次数：5411
劳动是一切有劳动能力的公民的光荣职责。国营企业和城乡集体经济组织的劳动者都应当以国家主人翁的态度对待自己的劳动。 Work is a matter of honour for every citizen who is able to work. All working people in state enterprises and in urban and rural economic collectives should approach their work as the masters of the country that they are.
国家提倡社会主义劳动竞赛，奖励劳动模范和先进工作者。国家提倡公民从事义务劳动。 The state promotes socialist labour emulation, and commends and rewards model and advanced workers. The state encourages citizens to take part in voluntary labour.
国家对就业前的公民进行必要的劳动就业训练。 The state provides necessary vocational training for citizens before they are employed.
第四十三条 中华人民共和国劳动者有休息的权利。 Article 43 Working people in the People"s Republic of China have the right to rest.
国家发展劳动者休息和休养的设施，规定职工的工作时间和休假制度。 The state expands facilities for the rest and recuperation of the working people and prescribes working hours and vacations for workers and staff.
第四十四条 国家依照法律规定实行企业事业组织的职工和国家机关工作人员的退休制度。退休人员的生活受到国家和社会的保障。 Article 44 The state applies the system of retirement for workers and staff of enterprises and institutions and for functionaries of organs of state according to law. The livelihood of retired personnel is ensured by the state and society.
第四十五条 中华人民共和国公民在年老、疾病或者丧失劳动能力的情况下，有从国家和社会获得物质帮助的权利。 Article 45 Citizens of the People"s Republic of China have the right to material assistance from the state and society when they are old, ill or disabled.
国家发展为公民享受这些权利所需要的社会保险、社会救济和医疗卫生事业。 The state develops social insurance, social relief and medical and health services that are required for citizens to enjoy this right.
国家和社会保障残废军人的生活，抚恤烈士家属，优待军人家属。 The state and society ensure the livelihood of disabled members of the armed forces, provide pensions to the families of martyrs and give preferential treatment to the families of military personnel.
国家和社会帮助安排盲、聋、哑和其他有残疾的公民的劳动、生活和教育。 The state and society help make arrangements for the work, livelihood and education of the blind, deaf-mutes and other handicapped citizens.
第四十六条 中华人民共和国公民有受教育的权利和义务。 Article 46 Citizens of the People"s Republic of China have the duty as well as the right to receive education.
国家培养青年、少年、儿童在品德、智力、体质等方面全面发展。 The state promotes the all-round development of children and young people, morally, intellectually and physically.
第四十七条 中华人民共和国公民有进行科学研究、文学艺术创作和其他文化活动的自由。国家对于从事教育、科学、技术、文学、艺术和其他文化事业的公民的有益于人民的创造性工作，给以鼓励和帮助。 Article 47 Citizens of the People"s Republic of China have the freedom to engage in scientific research, literary and artistic creation and other cultural pursuits. The state encourages and assists creative endeavors conducive to the interests of the people that are made by citizens engaged in education, science, technology, literature, art and other cultural work.
第四十八条 中华人民共和国妇女在政治的、经济的、文化的、社会的和家庭的生活等各方面享有同男子平等的权利。 Article 48 Women in the People"s Republic of China enjoy equal rights with men in all spheres of life, in political, economic, cultural, social and family life.
国家保护妇女的权利和利益，实行男女同工同酬，培养和选拔妇女干部。 The state protects the rights and interests of women, applies the principle of equal pay for equal work to men and women alike and trains and selects cadres from among women.
第四十九条 婚姻、家庭、母亲和儿童受国家的保护。 Article 49 Marriage, the family and mother and child are protected by the state.
夫妻双方有实行计划生育的义务。 Both husband and wife have the duty to practise family planning.
父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务，成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。 Parents have the duty to rear and educate their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. Violation of the freedom of marriage is prohibited.
禁止破坏婚姻自由，禁止虐待老人、妇女和儿童。 Maltreatment of old people, women and children is prohibited.
第五十条 中华人民共和国保护华侨的正当的权利和利益，保护归侨和侨眷的合法的权利和利益。 Article 50 The People"s Republic of China protects the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese nationals residing abroad and protects the lawful rights and interests of returned overseas Chinese and of the family members of Chinese nationals residing abroad.
