中华人民共和国宪法英译本(7)
发布时间：2007/11/2 浏览次数：5853
国家组织和鼓励植树造林，保护林木。 The state organizes and encourages afforestation and the protection of forests.
第二十七条 一切国家机关实行精简的原则，实行工作责任制，实行工作人员的培训和考核制度，不断提高工作质量和工作效率，反对官僚主义。 Article 27 All state organs carry out the principle of simple and efficient administration, the system of responsibility for work and the system of training functionaries and appraising their performance in order constantly to improve the quality of work and efficiency and combat bureaucratism.
一切国家机关和国家工作人员必须依靠人民的支持，经常保持同人民的密切联系，倾听人民的意见和建议，接受人民的监督，努力为人民服务。 All state organs and functionaries must rely on the support of the people, keep in close touch with them, heed their opinions and suggestions, accept their supervision and do their best to serve them.
第二十八条 国家维护社会秩序，镇压叛国和其他反革命的活动，制裁危害社会治安、破坏社会主义经济和其他犯罪的活动，惩办和改造犯罪分子。 Article 28 The state maintains public order and suppresses treasonable and other counter-revolutionary activities; it penalizes criminal activities that endanger public security and disrupt the socialist economy as well as other criminal activities; and it punishes and reforms criminals.
第二十九条 中华人民共和国的武装力量属于人民。 Article 29 The armed forces of the People"s Republic of China belong to the people.
它的任务是巩固国防，抵抗侵略，保卫祖国，保卫人民的和平劳动，参加国家建设事业，努力为人民服务。 Their tasks are to strengthen national defence, resist aggression, defend the motherland, safeguard the people"s peaceful labour, participate in national reconstruction and do their best to serve the people.
国家加强武装力量的革命化、现代化、正规化的建设，增强国防力量。 The state strengthens the revolutionization, modernization and regularization of the armed forces in order to increase national defence capability.
第三十条 中华人民共和国的行政区域划分如下： Article 30 The administrative division of the People"s Republic of China is as follows:
（一）全国分为省、自治区、直辖市； (1) The country is divided into provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government;
（二）省、自治区分为自治州、县、自治县、市； (2) Provinces and autonomous regions are divided into autonomous prefectures, counties, autonomous counties, and cities;
（三）县、自治县分为乡、民族乡、镇。 (3) Counties and autonomous counties are divided into townships, nationality townships, and towns.
直辖市和较大的市分为区、县。自治州分为县、自治县、市。 Municipalities directly under the Central Government and other large cities are divided into districts and counties. Autonomous prefectures are divided into counties, autonomous counties, and cities.
自治区、自治州、自治县都是民族自治地方。 All autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties are national autonomous areas.
第三十一条 国家在必要时得设立特别行政区。在特别行政区内实行的制度按照具体情况由全国人民代表大会以法律规定。 Article 31 The state may establish special administrative regions when necessary. The systems to be instituted in special administrative regions shall be prescribed by law enacted by the National People"s Congress in the light of specific conditions.
第三十二条 中华人民共和国保护在中国境内的外国人的合法权利和利益，在中国境内的外国人必须遵守中华人民共和国的法律。 Article 32 The People"s Republic of China protects the lawful rights and interests of foreigners within Chinese territory; foreigners on Chinese territory must abide by the laws of the People"s Republic of China.
中华人民共和国对于因为政治原因要求避难的外国人，可以给予受庇护的权利。 The People"s Republic of China may grant asylum to foreigners who request it for political reasons.
第二章 公民的基本权利和义务 Chapter II The Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens
第三十三条 凡具有中华人民共和国国籍的人都是中华人民共和国公民。 Article 33 All persons holding the nationality of the People"s Republic of China are citizens of the People"s Republic of China.
中华人民共和国公民在法律面前一律平等。 All citizens of the People"s Republic of China are equal before the law.
任何公民享有宪法和法律规定的权利，同时必须履行宪法和法律规定的义务。 Every citizen is entitled to the rights and at the same time must perform the duties prescribed by the Constitution and the law.
第三十四条 中华人民共和国年满十八周岁的公民，不分民族、种族、性别、职业、家庭出身、宗教信仰、教育程度、财产状况、居住期限，都有选举权和被选举权；但是依照法律被剥夺政治权利的人除外。 Article 34 All citizens of the People"s Republic of China who have reached the age of 18 have the right to vote and stand for election, regardless of ethnic status, race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, education, property status or length of residence, except persons deprived of political rights according to law.
